{"product_id":"institutionalizing-violence-strategies-of-jihad-in-egypt-9780197643693","title":"Institutionalizing Violence: Strategies of Jihad in Egypt","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cblockquote\u003eThe article \"Institutionalizing Violience\" explores the comparative trajectories of al-Jama a al-Islamiyya and Islamic Jihad, two Egyptian jihadi groups, and their approaches to violence and non-violence. It develops an institutional approach to radicalization to compare the two groups and provides a unique perspective on how jihadi groups make and implement new strategic decisions in changing environments. \u003c\/blockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFormat\u003c\/strong\u003e: Hardback\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLength\u003c\/strong\u003e: 272 pages\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePublication date\u003c\/strong\u003e: 23 September 2022\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePublisher\u003c\/strong\u003e: Oxford University Press Inc\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSince its inception, the Egyptian al-Jama a al-Islamiyya and Islamic Jihad have played pivotal roles in shaping the trajectory of jihadi salafism, establishing a fundamental strategic distinction between mass-movement mobilization and elitist avant-gardism. Despite their shared origins, al-Jama a al-Islamiyya diverged from al-Qaeda's transnational violence and transformed into a political party after 2011. In contrast, Islamic Jihad has served as the backbone of Osama bin Laden's organization. These strategic divergences raise intriguing questions, considering that both groups emerged within the same country, sharing congruent ideologies.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eTo explore these differences in greater detail, Institutionalizing Violence offers an institutional approach to radicalization, comparing the comparative trajectories of al-Jama a al-Islamiyya and Islamic Jihad. Drawing upon extensive field research conducted with their leaders and members in Egypt, the interviews provide a unique perspective on how jihadi groups formulate and implement new strategic decisions in dynamic environments, as well as the evolution of their approaches to violence and non-violence.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe study begins by examining the historical backgrounds and ideological foundations of al-Jama a al-Islamiyya and Islamic Jihad. It explores how these groups emerged within the context of Egyptian society and the broader regional political landscape, and how their ideologies have evolved over time. The authors argue that while both groups share a commitment to salafism, their strategic choices and approaches to violence have been shaped by a range of factors, including local contexts, organizational structures, and leadership dynamics.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eOne of the key differences between al-Jama a al-Islamiyya and Islamic Jihad is their approach to transnational violence. Al-Jama a al-Islamiyya, while initially embracing jihad against the Soviet Union in Afghanistan, rejected al-Qaeda's transnational violence and focused on building a local political presence in Egypt. The group's transformation into a political party after 2011 was driven by a desire to participate in the country's democratic process and to address social and economic grievances. In contrast, Islamic Jihad has maintained a more global perspective, with a strong emphasis on waging jihad against Western powers and Israel. The group has been involved in a range of transnational operations, including attacks on Western targets and the recruitment of foreign fighters.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAnother significant difference between the two groups is their organizational structure. Al-Jama a al-Islamiyya has traditionally been characterized by a decentralized and hierarchical structure, with local branches and cells operating independently. The group has emphasized the importance of local leadership and community engagement, and has sought to build a broad base of support among the Egyptian Muslim community. In contrast, Islamic Jihad has a more centralized organizational structure, with a hierarchical command structure and a strong emphasis on discipline and loyalty. The group has also been known for its strict adherence to sharia law and its willingness to use violence to achieve its goals.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eDespite these strategic divergences, al-Jama a al-Islamiyya and Islamic Jihad have shared experiences and challenges in their efforts to establish a presence in Egypt and promote their ideologies. Both groups have faced opposition and repression from the Egyptian government, and have had to navigate complex social and political dynamics. The study highlights the importance of understanding these groups' historical and contextual factors in order to develop effective strategies for countering their radicalization and promoting peace and stability in the region.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIn conclusion, Institutionalizing Violence provides a valuable contribution to our understanding of the dynamics of jihadi salafism and the strategic choices made by al-Jama a al-Islamiyya and Islamic Jihad. By examining these groups' comparative trajectories, the study sheds light on the complex factors that shape their ideologies, organizational structures, and approaches to violence. The insights gained from this research can help policymakers and practitioners develop more effective strategies for countering jihadi extremism and promoting peace and stability in the Middle East and beyond.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDimension\u003c\/strong\u003e: 235 x 156 (mm)\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eISBN-13\u003c\/strong\u003e: 9780197643693\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Jerome), Senior analyst on Jihad and Modern Conflict at International Crisis Group) Drevon","offers":[{"title":"Hardback","offer_id":44100530766074,"sku":"9780197643693","price":85.64,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0522\/4297\/2845\/products\/1663952626783_book.jpg?v=1664015544","url":"https:\/\/shulphink.com\/products\/institutionalizing-violence-strategies-of-jihad-in-egypt-9780197643693","provider":"Shulph Ink","version":"1.0","type":"link"}