{"product_id":"raf-tornado-units-of-gulf-war-i","title":"RAF Tornado Units of Gulf War I","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cblockquote\u003eDuring the Gulf Crisis in 1990, the RAF deployed Tornado F 3 and GR 1 strike\/attack aircraft to Saudi Arabia and Bahrain to defend against Iraqi aggression. The Tornado GR 1 wings conducted night-low-level attacks using JP233 runway denial weapons, while the Tornado F 3 wing ensured Saudi airspace integrity. The arrival of laser designation capability enabled precision attacks against the Iraqi transport system and airfield facilities. The Tornado F 3 wing at Dhahran carried out defensive counter-air operations to protect base areas. This book provides detailed first-hand accounts of the missions undertaken by the Tornado crews, illustrated with photographs and profile artworks. \u003c\/blockquote\u003e\u003cp\u003e                                                            \u003cstrong\u003eFormat\u003c\/strong\u003e: Paperback \/ softback\u003cbr\u003e                              \u003cstrong\u003eLength\u003c\/strong\u003e: 96 pages\u003cbr\u003e                              \u003cstrong\u003ePublication date\u003c\/strong\u003e: 20 May 2021\u003cbr\u003e                              \u003cstrong\u003ePublisher\u003c\/strong\u003e: Bloomsbury Publishing PLC\u003cbr\u003e                          \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003eWhen the Gulf Crisis of 1990 erupted due to Iraqi forces invading Kuwait, the Royal Air Force (RAF) swiftly responded by deploying a contingent of Tornado F 3 fighters to Saudi Arabia. These aircraft were followed by the deployment of Tornado GR 1 strike\/attack aircraft to Bahrain. Eventually, three wings of Tornado GR 1s were established in Bahrain, Tabuk, and Dhahran, along with a detachment of Tornado GR 1A reconnaissance aircraft. As the hostilities commenced in January 1991, the Tornado GR 1 wings launched night-low-level attacks against Iraqi Main Operating Bases utilizing the JP233 runway denial weapon. Simultaneously, Combat Air Patrols from the Tornado F 3 wing ensured the integrity of Saudi airspace. Once air supremacy was established, the Tornado GR 1 force transitioned to medium-level operations, initially by night and later by day, to target Iraqi oil production and storage infrastructure. The integration of laser designation capabilities with Pave Spike\/Buccaneer and TIALD\/Tornado allowed for precise attacks against the Iraqi transport system, cutting off frontline troops from resupply and reinforcement and subsequently facilitating a systematic destruction of airfield facilities. The Tornado GR 1A reconnaissance operations played a pivotal role in locating Scud missile launchers and in strategizing and executing the land offensive. Throughout the conflict, the Tornado F 3 wing stationed in Dhahran conducted defensive counter-air operations to safeguard the base areas.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis book, published 30 years after the conflict's resolution, offers in-depth firsthand accounts of the missions accomplished by the Tornado crews. It is adorned with photographs taken by aircrew participants in the operation and features 30 newly commissioned profile artworks.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e                            \u003cstrong\u003eWeight\u003c\/strong\u003e: 310g                            \u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDimension\u003c\/strong\u003e: 185 x 247 x 8 (mm)                            \u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eISBN-13\u003c\/strong\u003e: 9781472845115                                                      \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Michael Napier","offers":[{"title":"Paperback \/ softback","offer_id":44100342776058,"sku":"9781472845115","price":10.7,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0522\/4297\/2845\/products\/dbdeb6bb7d5f8f3071394efbb290d004.jpg?v=1632537846","url":"https:\/\/shulphink.com\/products\/raf-tornado-units-of-gulf-war-i","provider":"Shulph Ink","version":"1.0","type":"link"}