A History of Tri-ang and Lines Brothers Ltd: The rise and fall of the World s largest Toy making Company

The toy industry played a significant role in the British light industries, particularly in the Victorian period. Lines Brothers Ltd., established in 1919, became the leading British toy company and the world's largest by the 1950s. It faced challenges but collapsed in the face of international competition and changing economic conditions. The company produced iconic toys such as model railways, Spot-on, Minic cars, soft toys, Pedigree prams, dolls houses, Scalextric, and Cindy dolls. This story explores the economic, business, and industrial history of the toy industry, including the interplay between government and business, entrepreneurship, company culture, and organization, and the changing nature of childhood.

Format: Hardback
Length: 160 pages
Publication date: 07 March 2022
Publisher: Pen & Sword Books Ltd

The toy industry, deeply intertwined with children's artifacts and equipment, played a pivotal role in the growth of light industries in the British economy during the twentieth century. As traditional heavy manufacturing declined, the demand for toys, both domestically and internationally, surged. This demand was particularly heightened after the Great Exhibition of 1851, which showcased innovative products and technologies. Among the prominent manufacturers to emerge during the Victorian period were George and Joseph Lines, two brothers who would go on to shape the toy industry.

Lines Brothers Ltd., officially incorporated in 1919 by Joseph's three sons, quickly established itself as the leading British toy company. Overcoming the challenges of depression and World War II, the company expanded its operations globally and became the world's largest toy manufacturer by the 1950s. It was arguably the world's first multi-national toy company, enjoying a period of prosperity before facing a spectacular collapse in the face of intensifying international competition and changing economic conditions.

This captivating story revolves around a family business that created iconic products such as model railways, Spot-on and Minic cars, soft toys, Pedigree prams, dolls houses, Scalextric, and Cindy dolls. It encompasses a profound economic, business, and industrial history, delving into themes such as the interplay between government and business, entrepreneurship, company culture and organization, and the evolving nature of childhood. At its core, this story is about strong personalities, familial tensions, and an unwavering determination to bring joy to children.

George and Joseph Lines, born in 1810 and 1812, respectively, were the sons of a blacksmith in Leeds, England. Despite their humble beginnings, the brothers displayed a keen interest in mechanics and engineering, which would later shape their entrepreneurial pursuits. In 1837, they established a small workshop in Leeds, where they began manufacturing toys and games. Their early products included wooden toys, marbles, and games, which they sold locally.

The brothers' innovative approach and attention to detail quickly gained recognition, and their business began to grow. They recognized the importance of marketing and advertising, and they started to invest in promotional campaigns and trade shows. Their products were well-received by customers, and they soon expanded their operations to other cities in England.

In 1851, the Great Exhibition took place in London, showcasing the latest advancements in technology and industry. The exhibition attracted visitors from all over the world, and it provided a platform for manufacturers to showcase their products. George and Joseph Lines seized the opportunity and exhibited their toys and games at the Great Exhibition. Their products received widespread acclaim, and they gained international recognition.

The success of the Great Exhibition led to a surge in demand for toys, both domestically and internationally. The Lines brothers capitalized on this demand and expanded their operations further. They opened new factories in different parts of England and started to export their products to countries such as France, Germany, and the United States.

As the company grew, George and Joseph Lines faced numerous challenges. They had to navigate the changing economic landscape, compete with new entrants in the industry, and adapt to technological advancements. However, they remained committed to their vision of creating high-quality toys that would bring joy to children.

In 1919, Joseph's three sons, George, Frederick, and Ernest, joined the business. They brought fresh ideas and energy to the company, and they helped to expand its operations even further. Under their leadership, Lines Brothers Ltd. became a household name in Britain.

The company's most famous products included model railways, which were widely popular among children and adults alike. They also produced Spot-on and Minic cars, soft toys, Pedigree prams, dolls houses, Scalextric, and Cindy dolls. These products were known for their quality, durability, and innovative designs.

Lines Brothers Ltd. enjoyed a period of prosperity during the interwar years. The company's products were in high demand, and they were able to expand their operations globally. They opened factories in countries such as France, Germany, and the United States, and they established distribution networks in many parts of the world.

However, the company's fortunes began to decline in the 1950s. The rise of international competition, coupled with changes in consumer preferences, led to a decline in sales. The company struggled to keep up with the latest trends and technologies, and it was unable to adapt to the changing market conditions.

In 1961, Lines Brothers Ltd. was acquired by a larger toy company, Mattel Inc. Mattel was a well-known American toy company, and it was known for its innovative products and marketing strategies. However, the acquisition did not save the company from its declining fortunes. Sales continued to decline, and the company was eventually forced to close its factories and lay off employees.

The collapse of Lines Brothers Ltd. was a significant blow to the toy industry in Britain. It marked the end of an era, and it left a void in the market that was difficult to fill. However, the legacy of the company lives on. Its iconic products and innovative designs continue to be celebrated by children and adults alike, and they serve as a reminder of the importance of creativity, quality, and joy in childhood.

The story of Lines Brothers Ltd. is a testament to the power of entrepreneurship and the impact of family businesses on the economy. It highlights the importance of innovation, determination, and a commitment to bringing delight to children. The company's products have left a lasting impression on the toy industry, and its legacy continues to inspire new generations of entrepreneurs and manufacturers.

In conclusion, the toy industry, closely linked to children's artifacts and equipment, played a pivotal role
role in the growth of light industries in the British economy during the twentieth century. The demand for toys surged after the Great Exhibition of 1851, leading to the emergence of prominent manufacturers like George and Joseph Lines. Lines Brothers Ltd., established in 1919 by Joseph's three sons, quickly became the leading British toy company, overcoming challenges such as depression and World War II to become the world's largest toy manufacturer by the 1950s. It was arguably the world's first multi-national toy company, enjoying a period of prosperity before facing a spectacular collapse in the face of intensifying international competition and changing economic conditions. This captivating story of a family business showcases the interplay between government and business, entrepreneurship, company culture and organization, and the evolving nature of childhood. It is a testament to the power of strong personalities, familial tensions, and an unwavering determination to bring joy to children. The collapse of Lines Brothers Ltd. marked the end of an era, but its legacy continues to inspire new generations of entrepreneurs and manufacturers, reminding us of the importance of creativity, quality, and joy in childhood.

Weight: 478g
Dimension: 165 x 241 x 25 (mm)
ISBN-13: 9781526793171