A Social History of Soviet Trade: Trade Policy, Retail Practices, and Consumption, 1917-1953

In this sweeping study, Julie Hessler traces the invention and evolution of socialist trade, the progressive constriction of private trade, and the development of consumer habits from the 1917 revolution to Stalin's death in 1953. The book places trade and consumption in the context of debilitating economic crises. Although Soviet leaders, and above all, Stalin, identified socialism with the modernization of retailing and the elimination of most private transactions, these goals conflicted with the economic dynamics that produced shortages and with the governments bureaucratic, repressive, and socially discriminatory political culture.

Format: Hardback
Length: 546 pages
Publication date: 01 March 2022
Publisher: Academic Studies Press

In this comprehensive exploration, Julie Hessler delves into the intricate tapestry of socialist trade, the gradual suppression of private commerce, and the transformation of consumer habits spanning from the revolutionary year of 1917 to the untimely demise of Stalin in 1953. The book contextualizes trade and consumption within the framework of crippling economic crises, highlighting the conflicts that arose between Soviet leaders, particularly Stalin, who equated socialism with the modernization of retailing and the eradication of most private transactions. However, these lofty goals clashed with the very economic dynamics that led to shortages and the oppressive, bureaucratic, and socially discriminatory political culture prevalent in the Soviet Union.

The author meticulously traces the origins and development of socialist trade, examining how it emerged as a response to the social and economic challenges of the post-World War I era. She explores the gradual constriction of private trade, as the state sought to exert greater control over the economy and ensure its alignment with socialist ideals. Hessler also delves into the evolving consumer habits of the Soviet population, as they adapted to the new economic realities and the limited availability of goods.

One of the key themes of the book is the tension between the modernization drive and the preservation of traditional values. While Soviet leaders sought to modernize retailing and eliminate private transactions, they were also deeply committed to preserving socialist principles and the collective ownership of the means of production. This conflict led to a complex web of regulations and policies that aimed to balance economic efficiency with social welfare.

However, the pursuit of modernization and the suppression of private trade came at a significant cost. The government's bureaucratic and repressive practices, coupled with the lack of consumer choice and the emphasis on state control, created a sense of deprivation and frustration among the Soviet population. The government's efforts to control the economy led to shortages of essential goods, and the lack of competition and innovation in the private sector stifled economic growth.

Despite these challenges, the book also highlights the resilience and adaptability of the Soviet people. Despite the hardships and restrictions imposed by the government, many individuals found ways to thrive and pursue their dreams, often through informal markets and entrepreneurial ventures. The book also sheds light on the complex relationship between the state and the individual, as the government sought to control every aspect of life while also recognizing the importance of personal freedom and creativity.

In conclusion, Julie Hessler's book provides a rich and nuanced account of the invention and evolution of socialist trade, the progressive constriction of private commerce, and the development of consumer habits in the Soviet Union. Through her meticulous research and analysis, Hessler sheds light on the complex interplay between economic, political, and social factors that shaped the Soviet Union's economic and social landscape. This book is a valuable contribution to the study of socialism and Soviet history, and it will be of interest to scholars, researchers, and anyone interested in understanding the complexities of the 20th century.

Dimension: 228 x 152 (mm)
ISBN-13: 9781644698129