Advances in Natural Gas: Formation, Processing, and Applications. Volume 7: Natural Gas Products and Uses

Advancements in Natural Gas: Formation, Processing, and Applications: Volume Seven, Natural Gas Products and Uses, is a comprehensive eight-volume set that discusses the theoretical basics and practical methods of various aspects of natural gas, including exploration, extraction, synthesis, processing, purification, and production of valuable chemicals and energy. It also covers transportation and storage challenges, hydrates formation, extraction, and prevention, natural gas conversion and applications, and environmental and economic analysis. Additionally, it discusses methods for producing valuable materials, power and electricity generation, heat production from natural gas, and applications on future energy systems.

Format: Paperback / softback
Length: 570 pages
Publication date: 01 January 2024
Publisher: Elsevier - Health Sciences Division

Advancements in Natural Gas: Formation, Processing, and Applications: Volume Seven, Natural Gas Products and Uses, is a comprehensive eight-volume set of books that delve into the theoretical foundations and practical approaches of diverse aspects of natural gas, encompassing exploration and extraction, synthesis, processing, purification, and the production of valuable chemicals and energy. This volume specifically focuses on introducing transportation and storage challenges, as well as the formation, extraction, and prevention of hydrates. It comprehensively explores natural gas conversion and applications for generating high-value chemicals and energy, accompanied by relevant environmental considerations and economic analyses. Furthermore, it encompasses various methods for producing valuable materials, including synthesis and fuel gases, alkanes, aromatics, sulphurs, and more. Additionally, it delves into power and electricity generation from natural gas, heat production using natural gas, and applications in future energy systems.

Introduction:
Natural gas, a versatile and abundant energy source, has gained significant attention in recent years due to its environmental benefits, economic potential, and diverse applications. The exploration, extraction, and processing of natural gas are crucial steps in ensuring its sustainable utilization. Advances in these fields have led to the development of innovative technologies and processes that have improved the efficiency and effectiveness of natural gas production.

Formation of Natural Gas:
Natural gas is primarily formed through the anaerobic decomposition of organic matter, such as plant remains and marine organisms, under the influence of geological conditions and high pressure. The process begins with the burial of these organic materials in sedimentary basins, where they undergo geological processes such as compression, heating, and maturation. Over time, the organic matter is transformed into hydrocarbons, which are the primary components of natural gas.

Processing of Natural Gas:
The processing of natural gas involves several stages to extract and purify the desired components. These stages include separation, compression, dehydration, and liquefaction. Separation techniques such as gas chromatography and cryogenic distillation are used to separate the various hydrocarbon compounds present in natural gas. Compression is employed to increase the pressure and temperature of the gas, which facilitates the extraction of heavier hydrocarbons. Dehydration removes water and other non-hydrocarbon impurities from the gas, while liquefaction converts the gas into a liquid state for easier transportation and storage.

Applications of Natural Gas:
Natural gas has numerous applications in various industries, including power generation, heating, transportation, and chemical production. In power generation, natural gas is burned in gas-fired power plants to produce electricity. It is a clean-burning fuel that emits low levels of pollutants, making it a preferred choice for reducing carbon emissions. Natural gas is also used in heating, cooking, and industrial processes, providing a reliable and efficient source of energy.

Transportation of Natural Gas:
The transportation of natural gas is a critical aspect of its exploitation and utilization. Natural gas can be transported through pipelines, which are long-distance networks of pipes that carry gas from production sites to consumption centers. Pipelines offer a safe and efficient means of transportation, reducing the risk of accidents and minimizing environmental impact. However, transportation of natural gas can also pose challenges, such as pipeline leaks and corrosion.

Storage of Natural Gas:
Storage of natural gas is another important aspect of its exploitation and utilization. Natural gas can be stored in various types of storage facilities, including underground gas storage (UGS) and liquefied natural gas (LNG) storage. UGS facilities are underground caverns that store gas in a pressurized state, allowing for long-term storage and seasonal demand management. LNG storage involves the cooling of natural gas to -162°C, which reduces its volume and allows it to be transported in specialized containers.

Hydrate Formation and Prevention:
Hydrate formation is a concern in natural gas production, as it can block pipelines and equipment and cause operational issues. Hydrate formation occurs when water molecules attach to hydrocarbon molecules, forming solid crystals that can block pipelines and reduce flow. To prevent hydrate formation, various techniques are used, including chemical inhibitors, thermal insulation, and monitoring systems.

Environmental Challenges and Economic Analysis:
Natural gas production and utilization come with several environmental challenges. These challenges include greenhouse gas emissions, air pollution, and water pollution. However, efforts are being made to mitigate these environmental impacts through the use of cleaner technologies and sustainable practices. Economic analysis is also an important aspect of natural gas exploitation, as it helps assess the potential benefits and costs of natural gas production and utilization.

Future Developments:
The future of natural gas exploitation and utilization is promising, with ongoing research and development efforts aimed at improving the efficiency, sustainability, and safety of natural gas production. These efforts include the development of new technologies, such as carbon capture and storage, shale gas extraction, and renewable natural gas. Additionally, there is a growing interest in using natural gas as a fuel for transportation, which could help reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote sustainable mobility.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, advancements in natural gas formation, processing, and applications have played a significant role in promoting sustainable energy production and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Natural gas is a versatile and abundant energy source that offers numerous benefits in various industries. However, it is important to address the environmental challenges associated with natural gas production and utilization through sustainable practices and technologies. The future of natural gas exploitation and utilization is promising, and ongoing research and development efforts will help ensure its sustainable and efficient utilization for generations to come.

Weight: 450g
Dimension: 234 x 191 (mm)
ISBN-13: 9780443192272