Alkaline Rocks, Kimberlites and Carbonatites: Geochemistry and Genesis: Proceedings of the XV International Seminar "Deep-seated magmatism, its sources and plumes", 1-7 September 2019, Russia, Saki.

The proceedings book explores the fundamental problems of deep magmatism, including the source of massive apatite and rare metal deposits, the composition of kimberlites, and the crystallochemical features of rare and complex silicates.

Format: Hardback
Length: 262 pages
Publication date: 29 May 2021
Publisher: Springer Nature Switzerland AG

This proceedings book represents a comprehensive collection of conference papers that delve into the intricate aspects of deep magmatism. Enriched mantle reservoirs have the potential to yield some of the largest and most valuable deposits of apatite and rare metals. Furthermore, this book showcases valuable insights into the composition of kimberlites, particularly from the deep Yubileinaya pipe, as well as the mineralogical characteristics of the Nakyn kimberlite field in Yakutia, Russia. Additionally, it delves into the crystallochemical features of rare and complex silicates found in charoite rocks from the deep Murunskii massif in South Africa and the comendites of Mongolia.

The study of deep magmatism encompasses a wide range of topics, including the formation and evolution of magma chambers, the composition and properties of magma, and the processes that drive the eruption of magma. Researchers have used a variety of techniques, such as petrology, geochemistry, and seismology, to investigate these aspects of deep magmatism.

One of the key findings of deep magmatism research is that enriched mantle reservoirs can be the source of the most massive apatite and rare metal deposits. These deposits are formed by the melting of subducted oceanic crust and the subsequent release of metals and other elements into the mantle. The melting of subducted oceanic crust is driven by the heat and pressure generated by the collision of tectonic plates.

Another important aspect of deep magmatism is the formation of kimberlites. Kimberlites are volcanic rocks that are formed by the eruption of magma that has high concentrations of carbon and other volatile elements. These rocks are typically found in the Earth's mantle and are characterized by their distinctive crystal structure and composition.

The composition of kimberlites can vary greatly, depending on the source of the magma and the conditions of eruption. For example, kimberlites from the deep Yubileinaya pipe in Russia have high concentrations of potassium and sodium, while those from the Nakyn kimberlite field in Yakutia have high concentrations of rubidium and cesium.

The mineralogical characteristics of kimberlites are also important for understanding the processes that drive the formation of these rocks. Kimberlites are typically composed of a mixture of minerals, including olivine, pyroxene, and garnet. These minerals are formed by the melting of the mantle and the subsequent cooling and crystallization of the magma.

In addition to kimberlites, deep magmatism also involves the formation of other volcanic rocks, such as basalt and andesite. These rocks are formed by the eruption of magma that has lower concentrations of carbon and other volatile elements. Basalt and andesite are typically found in the Earth's crust and are characterized by their coarse-grained texture and dark color.

The crystallochemical features of rare and complex silicates are also important for understanding the processes that drive the formation of these rocks. Rare and complex silicates are formed by the melting of the mantle and the subsequent cooling and crystallization of the magma. These silicates are typically composed of a mixture of minerals, including rare earth elements, phosphate, and aluminum.

One of the most well-known rare and complex silicates is charoite. Charoite is a blue-green mineral that is found in the deep Murunskii massif in South Africa. Charoite is characterized by its distinctive crystal structure and composition, which is unique among other silicates.

Another important aspect of deep magmatism is the formation of comendites. Comendites are volcanic rocks that are formed by the eruption of magma that has high concentrations of carbon and other volatile elements. These rocks are typically found in the Earth's mantle and are characterized by their distinctive crystal structure and composition.

The composition of comendites can vary greatly, depending on the source of the magma and the conditions of eruption. For example, comendites from the deep Murunskii massif in South Africa have high concentrations of potassium and sodium, while those from the Nakyn kimberlite field in Yakutia have high concentrations of rubidium and cesium.

In conclusion, this proceedings book represents a comprehensive collection of conference papers that delve into the intricate aspects of deep magmatism. Enriched mantle reservoirs have the potential to yield some of the largest and most valuable deposits of apatite and rare metals. Furthermore, the study of kimberlites and other volcanic rocks provides valuable insights into the composition and processes that drive the formation of these rocks. Additionally, the crystallochemical features of rare and complex silicates are important for understanding the processes that drive the formation of these rocks.

Weight: 576g
Dimension: 235 x 155 (mm)
ISBN-13: 9783030696696
Edition number: 1st ed. 2021