Anthropological Perspectives on Education in Nepal: Educational Transformations and Avenues of Learning

Education in Nepal has been shaped by competing religious, political, and pedagogical ideologies, social and political changes, commodification of education, reliance on foreign aid, and expanded geographical horizons. This edited volume explores educational transformations and avenues of learning in the context of these changes, capturing diverse and competing experiences and trajectories, examining the construction and transmission of knowledge, and exploring the interconnections between education, state, and society.

Format: Hardback
Length: 334 pages
Publication date: 27 February 2023
Publisher: Oxford University Press

Education is a multifaceted concept that encompasses the acquisition, dissemination, and application of knowledge, skills, and values. It plays a vital role in shaping individuals, communities, and societies, and is influenced by a wide range of factors, including religious, political, and pedagogical ideologies. In Nepal, education has been shaped by a complex interplay of these ideologies, as well as by social and political changes, an increasing commodification of education, a continued reliance on foreign aid, and expanded geographical horizons.

One of the significant challenges facing Nepal's education system is the competing religious, political, and pedagogical ideologies that have shaped contemporary educational practices and institutions. Different religious groups, political parties, and educational reformers have their own beliefs and values regarding education, which can lead to conflicts and tensions within the educational system. For example, there have been debates over the role of religion in education, the use of English as the language of instruction, and the content of textbooks.

Social and political changes have also played a significant role in shaping Nepal's educational landscape. The country has experienced a series of political upheavals, including civil wars, insurgencies, and democratic transitions, which have led to changes in government policies, funding, and priorities for education. These changes have had a profound impact on the educational system, particularly on access to education, quality of education, and equity.

The increasing commodification of education has also contributed to a reshaping of the educational landscape of Nepal. With the rise of private schools, colleges, and universities, there has been a growing demand for education, which has led to increased competition for students and resources. This has led to a focus on commercialization rather than on the holistic development of students, and has raised concerns about the quality of education and the accessibility of education for marginalized communities.

A continued reliance on foreign aid has also played a role in shaping Nepal's educational landscape. Foreign aid has provided funding for infrastructure development, teacher training, and educational programs, but it has also created dependencies and challenges. For example, foreign aid can be unpredictable and subject to changes in political and economic conditions, which can impact the availability of resources and the quality of education.

Expanded geographical horizons have also contributed to a reshaping of the educational landscape of Nepal. With the increasing globalization and interconnectedness of the world, Nepal has become more exposed to different cultures, ideas, and technologies. This has led to an increased demand for education that is relevant to the global market and that prepares students for the challenges of the 21st century.

The essays in this edited volume illuminate educational transformations and avenues of learning in the context of wider social and political changes in Nepal. They capture diverse and competing educational experiences and trajectories; examine the process of construction and transmission of knowledge in different sites within and beyond institutions of formal education; and explore the interconnections between education, state, and society.

One of the key themes that emerge from the essays is the importance of education in promoting social and economic development in Nepal. Education can provide individuals with the skills and knowledge they need to participate in the workforce, start their own businesses, and contribute to the growth of the economy. However, there are still significant barriers to education, including poverty, gender inequality, and regional disparities.

Another theme that emerges from the essays is the role of the state in shaping education in Nepal. The state has played a significant role in the development of education in Nepal, particularly in the provision of primary education and higher education. However, there have been concerns about the quality of education provided by the state, particularly in rural areas, and about the lack of accountability and transparency in the education system.

The essays also explore the interconnections between education, state, and society in Nepal. Education can be used as a tool for social change and empowerment, but it can also be used to maintain social and economic inequalities. For example, education can be used to promote gender equality and social inclusion, but it can also be used to reinforce patriarchal norms and gender stereotypes.

In conclusion, education is a complex and multifaceted concept that is shaped by a wide range of factors, including religious, political, and pedagogical ideologies, social and political changes, an increasing commodification of education, a continued reliance on foreign aid, and expanded geographical horizons. In Nepal, education has been shaped by a complex interplay of these factors, which has led to a reshaping of the educational landscape and a range of challenges and opportunities for the Nepali people. The essays in this edited volume provide valuable insights into these educational transformations and avenues of learning in the context of wider social and political changes in Nepal.

Weight: 10g
Dimension: 216 x 140 (mm)
ISBN-13: 9780192884756