Calton Hill: And the plans for Edinburgh's Third New Town

Published for the 200th anniversary of Playfair’s design for the old City Observatory and plans for the third New Town.

Format: Hardback
Length: 224 pages
Publication date: 06 September 2018
Publisher: John Donald Publishers Ltd

Calton Hill, situated on the eastern fringe of Edinburgh's bustling city center, holds a unique and cherished relationship with its surroundings. The development of this hill and its surrounding area, often referred to as Edinburgh's "Third New Town," commenced in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, driven by a select group of decision-makers who envisioned transforming the site from a rural periphery into the heart of the city. This transformative vision was a testament to Scotland's cultural identity and unwavering political allegiance to the British State. During the early stages of Calton Hill's development, key enlightenment figures and theories were celebrated alongside British naval heroes and the House of Hanover, symbolizing Scotland's alignment with the ideals of the Enlightenment. However, as Scotland's identity within Britain evolved through changes in governance in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, Calton Hill, with its neo-Greek architecture, became a poignant metaphor for the friction between Scottish and British Nationalism. By the late twentieth century, it had become a symbol of Scottish Nationalism, often referred to as a "Nationalist Shibboleth."

This book delves into the multifaceted perception, acceptance, and rejection of Calton Hill's architectural expression over the past two centuries. It explores how ideas surrounding cultural identity, governance, and nationalism have shifted and shaped the way Calton Hill has been perceived and interpreted. By examining the historical context, architectural features, and societal changes that have influenced its development, the book offers a comprehensive analysis of the hill's significance in shaping Scotland's cultural and political landscape.

The development of Calton Hill and its surrounding area was a deliberate effort by a group of influential individuals who recognized the potential of the site for urban growth and transformation. The hill's elevated position offered stunning panoramic views of the city, making it an ideal location for a new urban center. The decision-makers behind this project aimed to create a modern and sophisticated city that would rival London and other European capitals.

The architectural style chosen for Calton Hill was neo-Greek, reflecting the influence of the Enlightenment and the desire to create a utopian society. The buildings were designed with classical proportions, symmetrical facades, and ornate detailing, reminiscent of ancient Greek temples and palaces. The hill was also planned with wide boulevards, public gardens.

However, the development of Calton Hill was not without its challenges. The project faced opposition from some quarters, who believed that it was an unnecessary expense and that the resources could be better allocated elsewhere. There were also concerns about the impact of the development on the surrounding environment, particularly the impact on the historic buildings and landscapes in the area.

Despite these challenges, the development of Calton Hill proceeded, and the hill became a symbol of Scotland's cultural and political aspirations. It was home to important institutions, including the Royal Observatory, the National Gallery of Scotland, and the University of Edinburgh. The hill also became a popular tourist destination, attracting visitors from around the world who were fascinated by its neo-Greek architecture and stunning views of the city.

Over the years, Calton Hill has undergone significant changes and adaptations. The hill has been the site of numerous renovations and restorations, aimed at preserving its historic character and enhancing its functionality. The buildings have been modernized, while still maintaining their classical features, and new infrastructure has been added to accommodate the growing population and tourism.

However, the development of Calton Hill has also been a source of controversy. Some have argued that the hill has become too commercialized, with too many shops, restaurants, and hotels detracting from its cultural and historical significance. There have also been concerns about the impact of tourism on the surrounding environment, particularly the impact on the local wildlife and ecosystems.

In conclusion, Calton Hill, with its neo-Greek architecture and unique relationship with Edinburgh, holds a significant place in Scotland's cultural and political history. The development of the hill and its surrounding area was a testament to Scotland's cultural identity and political allegiance to the British State. Over the past two centuries, Calton Hill has undergone significant changes and adaptations, reflecting the shifting ideas surrounding cultural identity, governance, and nationalism. While it has been a symbol of Scotland's cultural and political aspirations, it has also faced challenges and controversies, highlighting the complex and multifaceted nature of its significance. As Scotland continues to evolve and adapt, Calton Hill will continue to play a vital role in shaping its cultural and political identity, serving as a reminder of the rich history and heritage that have shaped the nation.

Weight: 1018g
Dimension: 248 x 196 x 23 (mm)
ISBN-13: 9781910900178