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David E. Bernstein

Classified: The Untold Story of Racial Classification in America

Classified: The Untold Story of Racial Classification in America

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The book "Classified: The Untold Story of Racial Classification in America" explores the history and implications of racial classification in America, calling for the separation of race and state. It argues that the current racial categories are arbitrary and unscientific, and that they are used by administrators who are not competent or rational racialists. The book raises questions about the coherence, logic, and fairness of the classifications and suggests that they are becoming increasingly arbitrary and absurd in an increasingly diverse society with high rates of intergroup marriage.

Format: Hardback
Length: 208 pages
Publication date: 29 September 2022
Publisher: Permuted Press


The issue of race and state has been a contentious one in American society for many years. While some argue that it is necessary to address historical inequalities and promote diversity, others believe that it perpetuates harmful stereotypes and divides. One of the most prominent voices on this issue has been Justice Samuel Alito of the Supreme Court, who has expressed concerns about the arbitrary and unscientific nature of the racial classifications used in American schools.

In his arguments, Alito relied on the work of George Mason University professor David Bernstein, who has written extensively on the history and implications of racial classification in America. Bernstein has argued that the categories used by schools are completely bonkers and largely arbitrary, and that they cannot withstand the slightest scrutiny. He has also criticized the administrators who rely on these categories, accusing them of being beholden to senseless and unscientific distinctions and of not even being competent or rational racialists.

Bernstein's work has raised many questions about the coherence, logic, and fairness of the racial classifications used in American society. For example, should Pakistani, Chinese, and Filipino Americans be in the same category despite their obvious differences in culture, appearance, religion, and more? Why does the government not allow Americans to classify themselves as bi- or multi-racial? And how did the government decide that a dark-complexioned, burka-wearing Muslim Yemini should be classified as generically white, but a blond-haired, blue-eyed immigrant from Spain should be classified as Hispanic and .

These questions are important not only for the individuals who are affected by these classifications, but also for the broader society as a whole. Racial and ethnic classifications can have a significant impact on individuals' opportunities and experiences, and they can also contribute to perpetuating harmful stereotypes and divisions. As such, it is essential to consider the implications of these classifications and to work towards a more inclusive and fair society.

One potential solution to the issue of race and state is to move towards a more nuanced and inclusive approach to racial classification. This could involve adopting a system that recognizes the diversity of racial and ethnic backgrounds and allows individuals to self-identify their race and ethnicity. This approach would recognize that race and ethnicity are complex and multifaceted, and that they are not always a clear-cut binary of black and white.

Another potential solution is to invest in education and training programs that promote understanding and appreciation of different racial and ethnic backgrounds. This could involve teaching students about the history and significance of different racial and ethnic groups, as well as about the harmful stereotypes and biases that can be perpetuated by these classifications. By promoting a more inclusive and respectful understanding of different racial and ethnic groups, we can work towards creating a society that is more tolerant and accepting of diversity.

In conclusion, the issue of race and state is a complex and contentious one that requires careful consideration and analysis. While some argue that it is necessary to address historical inequalities and promote diversity, others believe that it perpetuates harmful stereotypes and divides. One of the most prominent voices on this issue has been Justice Samuel Alito of the Supreme Court, who has expressed concerns about the arbitrary and unscientific nature of the racial classifications used in American schools.

The work of George Mason University professor David Bernstein has raised many questions about the coherence, logic, and fairness of the racial classifications used in American society. By adopting a more nuanced and inclusive approach to racial classification and investing in education and training programs that promote understanding and appreciation of different racial and ethnic backgrounds, we can work towards creating a society that is more tolerant and accepting of diversity.

Weight: 412g
Dimension: 161 x 236 x 23 (mm)
ISBN-13: 9781637581735

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