Hagia Sophia in Context: An Archaeological Re-examination of the Cathedral of Byzantine Constantinople

The Byzantine cathedral of Hagia Sophia has been a source of wonder and fascination since its construction in the sixth century. This research project is the first to focus on the archaeology of the immediate environs of the church to understand the complex as a whole. Previously unrecorded material includes parts of the Patriarchal complex, the 'Great Baptistery north of the church, and the first fragments of the fourth-century phase of the cathedral. The discovery of an unrecognised porch changes the known plan of the church and provides fresh evidence about its appearance and function.

Format: Paperback / softback
Length: 160 pages
Publication date: 15 March 2023
Publisher: Oxbow Books

The Byzantine cathedral of Hagia Sophia has captivated the world since its construction in the sixth century. It was the premier monument of the Byzantine capital, Constantinople, and remains one of the most recognizable symbols of modern Istanbul. Often seen as encapsulating Byzantine history and culture, the building has been the subject of much scholarly interest since the Renaissance. However, while almost all previous archaeological work has focussed on the church itself, the surrounding complex of ecclesiastical buildings has been largely neglected.

The research project presented here, co-directed by the authors, is the first to focus on the archaeology of the immediate environs of the church in order to understand the complex as a whole. Previously unrecorded material includes parts of the Patriarchal complex, from which the Orthodox Church was governed for almost a millennium, what may be the 'Great Baptistery north of the church, and what are perhaps the first fragments of the fourth-century phase of the cathedral yet identified.

The discovery of an unrecognised porch, surviving to its full height within the standing building, changes the known plan of the famous sixth-century church. This new information provides fresh evidence about the appearance and function of the complex, illustrating its similarities to and dissimilarities from Episcopal centers elsewhere in the Byzantine world. Combined with other archaeological sources, these discoveries enable us to place the sixth-century cathedral in its urban context and to reconsider what Hagia Sophia can tell us about the wider Byzantine world.

The Byzantine cathedral of Hagia Sophia is a remarkable testament to the architectural and cultural achievements of the Byzantine Empire. Its construction in the sixth century marked a significant milestone in the history of Christianity and the Middle East. The cathedral's design and construction reflect the Byzantine style, which combines elements of Greek, Roman, and Islamic architecture. The building's massive dome, intricate mosaics, and stunning frescoes showcase the artistic talent and craftsmanship of the Byzantine era.

One of the most striking features of Hagia Sophia is its size and grandeur. The cathedral is one of the largest churches in the world, measuring over 100 meters in length and 50 meters in width. Its towering dome, which reaches a height of over 55 meters, is a masterpiece of engineering and design. The dome is supported by a series of arches and columns, which create a sense of awe and wonder as visitors enter the cathedral.

Inside, Hagia Sophia is a breathtaking space. The cathedral's main hall is divided into three sections by a series of arches and columns. The central section houses the main altar, which is surrounded by a series of chapels and galleries. The mosaics and frescoes that adorn the walls and ceiling of the cathedral are some of the most famous works of art in the world. The mosaics depict scenes from the Bible, Christian mythology, and everyday life, while the frescoes depict the life of Jesus and the Virgin Mary.

Beyond its architectural and artistic significance, Hagia Sophia has played a significant role in the history of Christianity and the Middle East. The cathedral was the seat of the Byzantine Emperor for centuries and was used as a place of worship and a center of government. It was also a symbol of the Byzantine Empire's power and influence, and its destruction in 1453 by the Ottoman Turks marked the end of the Byzantine Empire.

Today, Hagia Sophia is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a popular tourist destination. Visitors from all over the world come to see the cathedral's stunning architecture and learn about its rich history. The building is also a symbol of religious and cultural tolerance, as it has been used as a mosque and a church over the centuries.

In conclusion, the Byzantine cathedral of Hagia Sophia is a remarkable testament to the architectural and cultural achievements of the Byzantine Empire. Its size, grandeur, and artistic significance make it one of the most iconic buildings in the world. The cathedral's history, religious and cultural significance, and architectural and artistic beauty make it a must-visit destination for anyone interested in history, art, or religion.

Weight: 632g
Dimension: 210 x 299 x 12 (mm)
ISBN-13: 9781789259872