Homocysteine Metabolism in Health and Disease

This book explores the relationship between homocysteine metabolism and the development of human disorders, including cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, metabolic, and autoimmune diseases. It also discusses the role of genetic variants in homocysteine metabolism and the mechanisms of hyperhomocysteinemia-induced endothelial dysfunction and neural stem cell proliferation.

Format: Hardback
Length: 276 pages
Publication date: 13 May 2022
Publisher: Springer Verlag, Singapore

This comprehensive book delves into the intricate relationship between homocysteine metabolism and the etiology of a wide range of human disorders. The well-organized chapters delve into the central and peripheral effects of homocysteine metabolism, intricately linked to cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, metabolic, and autoimmune disorders. Furthermore, it explores the mechanisms by which elevated homocysteine levels disrupt cellular proteostasis, providing a comprehensive account of the pathophysiological consequences and clinical implications of homocysteine-containing proteins. Additionally, the book examines the association of genetic variants in homocysteine metabolic genes with type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity. It also delves into the molecular mechanisms underlying hyperhomocysteinemia, including its role in the negative/feedback regulation of neural stem cell proliferation and alterations in DNA methylation. Taken together, this book summarizes the mechanisms of hyperhomocysteinemia-induced endothelial dysfunction and the protective functions of hydrogen sulfide as a counterbalance.

Introduction:
Homocysteine metabolism plays a crucial role in various physiological processes and is associated with a wide range of human disorders. Elevated levels of homocysteine have been linked to cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune diseases. Understanding the mechanisms underlying homocysteine metabolism and its association with these disorders is essential for developing effective treatments and interventions.

Chapter 1: Homocysteine Metabolism:
This chapter provides an overview of homocysteine metabolism, including its production, metabolism, and regulation. It discusses the sources of homocysteine in the diet, the enzymes involved in its metabolism, and the pathways by which it is converted into other compounds. The chapter also highlights the importance of homocysteine metabolism in the development of cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, and metabolic disorders.

Chapter 2: Central and Peripheral Effects of Homocysteine Metabolism:
In this chapter, the authors explore the central and peripheral effects of homocysteine metabolism on various human disorders. They discuss the relationship between homocysteine and cardiovascular disease, including the role of homocysteine in the development of atherosclerosis, stroke, and myocardial infarction. The chapter also explores the effects of homocysteine on neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, and its association with cognitive decline and motor symptoms.

Chapter 3: Mechanisms of Homocysteine-Induced Cellular Proteostasis Disturbance:
This chapter discusses the mechanisms by which elevated homocysteine levels disrupt cellular proteostasis. It highlights the role of homocysteine in the activation of inflammatory pathways, the inhibition of protein synthesis, and the promotion of oxidative stress. The chapter also explores the effects of homocysteine on mitochondrial function and the regulation of gene expression.

Chapter 4: Pathophysiological Consequences and Clinical Implications of Homocysteine-Containing Proteins:
In this chapter, the authors discuss the pathophysiological consequences and clinical implications of homocysteine-containing proteins. They explore the role of homocysteine in the development of vascular complications, such as atherosclerosis and peripheral artery disease. The chapter also discusses the effects of homocysteine on neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, and its association with cognitive decline and motor symptoms.

Chapter 5: Association of Genetic Variants of Homocysteine Metabolic Genes with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Obesity:
This chapter examines the association of genetic variants in homocysteine metabolic genes with type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity. It discusses the role of genetic factors in the regulation of homocysteine metabolism and their potential impact on the development of these disorders. The chapter also highlights the importance of genetic testing in the diagnosis and management of these disorders.

Chapter 6: Molecular Mechanism of Hyperhomocysteinemia in the Negative/Feedback Regulation of Neural Stem Cell Proliferation and Alterations in DNA Methylation:
In this chapter, the authors explore the molecular mechanism of hyperhomocysteinemia in the negative/feedback regulation of neural stem cell proliferation and alterations in DNA methylation. They discuss the role of homocysteine in the regulation of stem cell differentiation and the development of neurological disorders. The chapter also highlights the potential therapeutic implications of targeting homocysteine metabolism in the treatment of neurological disorders.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, this comprehensive book provides a detailed overview of the association of homocysteine metabolism with the etiology of various human disorders. The well-defined chapters delve into the central and peripheral effects of homocysteine metabolism, the mechanisms of homocysteine-induced cellular proteostasis disturbance, the pathophysiological consequences and clinical implications of homocysteine-containing proteins, the association of genetic variants of homocysteine metabolic genes with type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity, and the molecular mechanism of hyperhomocysteinemia in the negative/feedback regulation of neural stem cell proliferation and alterations in DNA methylation. By summarizing these mechanisms, the book provides valuable insights into the potential therapeutic targets and interventions for the treatment of these disorders.

Weight: 612g
Dimension: 235 x 155 (mm)
ISBN-13: 9789811668661
Edition number: 1st ed. 2022