Narratives and Rituals of the Nightmare Hag in Scandinavian Folk Belief

This book explores the conceptions of the Nightmare hag, mara, in Scandinavian folk belief, and how they involve existential themes and comments on gender and social hierarchy. It analyzes how this female creature was conceived of in oral literature and everyday ritual practice in pre-industrial Scandinavia and what role she played in a larger pattern of belief in witchcraft and magic.

Format: Paperback / softback
Length: 310 pages
Publication date: 27 February 2022
Publisher: Springer Nature Switzerland AG

This captivating book delves into diverse conceptions of the enigmatic Nightmare hag, Mara, in the rich tapestry of Scandinavian folk belief. What began as mere observations of some startling narratives preserved in folklore archives, where sex, violence, and curses reign supreme, gradually sparked inquiries into how rural communities perceived the realms of good and evil, illness and health, and cause and effect. Upon closer examination, narratives surrounding the Mara character unveil profound existential themes, as well as insightful commentary on gender and social hierarchy. This monograph embarks on a profound exploration, analyzing how this female creature was conceived of in the oral traditions and everyday ritual practices of pre-industrial Scandinavia. Furthermore, it sheds light on her pivotal role within a broader belief system encompassing witchcraft and magic.

Introduction:
The Nightmare hag, Mara, holds a fascinating place in the folklore and mythology of Scandinavia. Often portrayed as a fearsome and malevolent entity, Mara is believed to prey on humans, particularly children, causing them to suffer nightmares and other supernatural disturbances. This book aims to explore the various interpretations and representations of Mara in Scandinavian folk belief, shedding light on her origins, characteristics, and significance within the cultural landscape.

Origins and Mythology:
The origins of Mara can be traced back to ancient times, when she was believed to be a vengeful spirit or goddess associated with death and the underworld. According to legend, Mara was the daughter of the god of the underworld, Hel, and the sister of the goddess of love, Frigg. She was known for her jealousy and resentment towards her sister, who was often favored by their father. As a result, Mara became the embodiment of evil and misfortune, often depicted as a fearsome witch or hag.

Characteristics:
Mara is typically portrayed as a hideous and grotesque woman, with long, black hair, sharp teeth, and a menacing appearance. She is often seen carrying a broomstick or a staff, which she uses to torment and harm her victims. Mara is also believed to have the power to manipulate dreams, causing nightmares and other supernatural experiences. She is also associated with witchcraft, sorcery, and the ability to cast spells, making her a feared and powerful entity in Scandinavian folklore.

Significance:
Mara holds a significant place in Scandinavian folk belief, as she represents the darker aspects of human nature and the power of evil. She is often used as a cautionary tale, warning people about the dangers of greed, envy, and resentment. Mara also serves as a symbol of the supernatural and the unknown, reminding people of the vast and mysterious world that surrounds them.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, this book explores the diverse conceptions of the Nightmare hag, Mara, in Scandinavian folk belief. Through a comprehensive analysis of her origins, characteristics, and significance, we gain a deeper understanding of the cultural and symbolic importance of this enigmatic entity. Mara continues to captivate and intrigue people to this day, reminding us of the complexities of good and evil, the power of the supernatural, and the enduring legacy of Scandinavian folklore.

Weight: 425g
Dimension: 210 x 148 (mm)
ISBN-13: 9783030489212
Edition number: 1st ed. 2020