Roman Tombs and the Art of Commemoration: Contextual Approaches to Funerary Customs in the Second Century CE

Barbara E. Borg explores the history of funerary customs in Rome, focusing on the second century CE. She reconstructs senatorial burial practices, contrasts them with other classes, explains the change from incineration to inhumation, and explores the association of deceased persons with the divine and apotheosis through portraits.

Format: Paperback / softback
Length: 369 pages
Publication date: 19 May 2022
Publisher: Cambridge University Press

The rich tapestry of funeral customs in ancient Rome is a subject that continues to captivate scholars and enthusiasts alike, with numerous mysteries and contentious debates surrounding the significant developments of the second century CE. In her groundbreaking work, distinguished historian Barbara E. Borg delves deep into four critical questions that reshape our understanding of Roman society and its profound values. Through a comprehensive examination of a vast array of material and written evidence, Borg sheds light on the intricate world of senatorial burial practices, offering a unique perspective that contrasts with those of other social classes.

In the first chapter, Borg reconstructs and analyzes the burial customs of the senatorial class, shedding light on the intricate rituals and traditions that marked their final resting places. By comparing these practices with those of other social groups, she reveals the complex interplay of power, status, and cultural values that shaped Roman society.

The second chapter delves into the profound shift from incineration to inhumation, a revival of ancient Roman mores that gained momentum following the example set by the emperor Hadrian. Borg explores the historical, cultural, and religious factors that influenced this transition and its impact on the funeral practices of the time. She argues that inhumation served as a means to preserve the mortal remains of the deceased and to connect them with the divine, a concept that held great significance in Roman culture.

In the third chapter, Borg examines the evolving role of tombs as sacred spaces where long family lines were promoted and displayed among the elite. She argues that the construction and decoration of tombs became a means of asserting social status, power, and prestige, and that this practice eventually inspired freedmen to undertake similar commemorative practices. Through a close analysis of portraiture and architectural features, Borg demonstrates how tombs became a powerful tool for preserving and celebrating family heritage.

Finally, the fourth chapter explores the association of deceased persons with the divine and apotheosis through the use of portraits on divine body shapes and temple tombs. Borg examines the symbolic significance of these portraits and their role in conveying the elevated status of the deceased. She also explores the religious and philosophical implications of apotheosis, a concept that held great importance in Roman culture and that saw the deceased as being elevated to a divine status.

Through her meticulous research and insightful analysis, Barbara E. Borg has produced a groundbreaking work that offers a fresh perspective on the history of funeral customs in ancient Rome. Her work challenges traditional narratives and sheds light on the complex interplay of social, cultural, and religious factors that shaped this fascinating period of history. This book is a must-read for anyone interested in ancient Rome, funeral practices, or the broader study of ancient Mediterranean societies.

Weight: 642g
Dimension: 170 x 243 x 25 (mm)
ISBN-13: 9781108460354