Spaceflight Associated Neuro-Ocular Syndrome

The Spaceflight Associated Neuro-ocular Syndrome (SANS) is a condition caused by prolonged microgravity exposure during long-duration spaceflight, which can lead to unusual physiologic and pathologic neuro-ophthalmic findings. This book compares and contrasts prior published work on SANS with retrospective and prospective studies from other research groups, describing the possible mechanisms and potential etiologies for SANS and providing an update and review on the clinical manifestations. It also explores knowledge gaps for in-flight and terrestrial human research and potential countermeasures for future studies.

Format: Paperback / softback
Length: 240 pages
Publication date: 25 July 2022
Publisher: Elsevier Science & Technology

Prolonged microgravity exposure during long-duration spaceflight (LDSF) leads to remarkable neuro-ophthalmic findings in astronauts. These microgravity-associated observations collectively form the Spaceflight Associated Neuro-ocular Syndrome (SANS). In this comprehensive book, the editors delve into a comparative analysis of previous work on SANS conducted by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Space Medicine Operations Division, alongside retrospective and prospective studies from other research groups. The book explores the potential mechanisms and etiologies underlying SANS, providing an up-to-date overview of its clinical manifestations. These manifestations encompass a range of ocular conditions, including unilateral and bilateral optic disc edema, globe flattening, choroidal and retinal folds, hyperopic refractive error shifts, and focal areas of ischemic retina (known as cotton wool spots). Furthermore, the book delves into the ocular imaging findings associated with SANS, encompassing retinal nerve fiber layer changes, optic disc alterations, and choroidal changes observed through optical coherence tomography. Additionally, it discusses the intraorbital and intracranial findings on orbital ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging. The knowledge gaps for in-flight and terrestrial human research, particularly regarding potential countermeasures for future studies, are explored. This includes reports on ongoing in-flight and terrestrial human and animal research initiatives by NASA and its partners, aimed at studying SANS both prospectively and longitudinally, with a focus on preparing for future long-duration manned missions to space, such as the moon, the asteroid belt, or Mars. We believe that SANS presents a unique and captivating topic, and we express our hope that NASA and its research partners will continue to invest in its study, ensuring the well-being and safety of future space travelers.

Weight: 454g
Dimension: 190 x 235 x 24 (mm)
ISBN-13: 9780323915243