The Agricultural Civilization of Ancient China

This book provides a systematic account of the development of agriculture and agricultural civilization in ancient China, discussing the birth of traditional agriculture, the characteristics and advantages of the traditional agricultural economy, the knowledge and technology system, flexible land relations and ownership structure, extensive irrigation system and water conservancy projects, complete policies and measures to emphasize agriculture, the three agricultural expansion processes, the value pursuit of revering agriculture, and the plight and decline of traditional agriculture.

Format: Hardback
Length: 156 pages
Publication date: 15 January 2023
Publisher: Springer Verlag, Singapore

This comprehensive book delves into the intricate and fascinating development of agriculture and agricultural civilization in ancient China. It offers a systematic account of the origins, evolution, and remarkable features of traditional agriculture, which played a pivotal role in shaping the country's history and culture.

The book begins by exploring the birth of traditional agriculture, tracing its roots back to ancient times. It examines the unique characteristics and advantages of traditional agricultural economy, highlighting the sustainable practices and innovative technologies that enabled farmers to cultivate crops and rear livestock efficiently. The author also delves into the comprehensive knowledge and technology system that underpinned traditional agriculture, encompassing various farming techniques, crop management, irrigation systems, and water conservancy projects.

One of the distinguishing features of traditional agriculture was its flexible land relations and ownership structure. Farmers often formed cooperative societies or worked as tenants, sharing resources and responsibilities to ensure the sustainability of agricultural production. This system promoted social harmony and stability, as well as economic prosperity, as farmers could rely on each other for support and collective decision-making.

Another hallmark of traditional agriculture was its extensive irrigation system and water conservancy projects. Farmers employed a variety of techniques, such as terracing, water channels, and flood control measures, to ensure a reliable supply of water for their crops. These projects not only enhanced crop yields but also played a crucial role in preserving soil fertility and preventing soil erosion.

The Chinese government recognized the importance of agriculture and implemented comprehensive policies and measures to prioritize its development. These policies included tax incentives, subsidies, and land allocation policies that encouraged farmers to increase their landholdings and invest in modern agricultural technologies. Additionally, the government promoted agricultural education and research to enhance farmers' skills and knowledge, ensuring the continuous improvement of agricultural practices.

The book also explores the three agricultural expansion processes that characterized ancient China. The first process involved the expansion of cultivated land through the construction of irrigation systems and the development of new agricultural techniques. The second process involved the intensification of agricultural production through the adoption of modern technologies and the introduction of new crop varieties. The third process involved the expansion of agricultural markets and the development of trade networks, which facilitated the exchange of agricultural products and promoted economic growth.

In addition to examining the development of traditional agriculture, the book also delves into the value pursuit of revering agriculture. The Chinese culture placed great emphasis on the importance of agriculture, recognizing it as the foundation of society and the source of livelihood for countless people. Farmers were respected and valued for their hard work and dedication, and their contributions to the nation's prosperity were acknowledged and celebrated.

However, despite the many advantages of traditional agriculture, it faced challenges and declined in popularity over time. The introduction of modern technologies, such as mechanized farming and chemical fertilizers, reduced the need for manual labor and increased crop yields. Additionally, urbanization and industrialization led to a shift in population demographics, with more people moving to cities for work and leaving rural areas behind. This resulted in a decline in the demand for agricultural products and a decrease in the economic importance of agriculture.

In conclusion, this book provides a comprehensive and insightful exploration of the development of agriculture and agricultural civilization in ancient China. It sheds light on the unique characteristics and advantages of traditional agriculture, the comprehensive knowledge and technology system that supported it, the flexible land relations and ownership structure that promoted social harmony, and the extensive irrigation system and water conservancy projects that enhanced crop yields. The book also highlights the value pursuit of revering agriculture and the challenges faced by traditional agriculture in the face of modern technologies and urbanization. This book is a valuable resource for scholars, researchers, and anyone interested in understanding the rich history and cultural significance of agriculture in ancient China.

Weight: 430g
Dimension: 235 x 155 (mm)
ISBN-13: 9789811984686
Edition number: 1st ed. 2023