Thinking Europe: A History of the European Idea since 1800

This book explores the tension between unity and division in the concept of Europe, examining how it has been shaped by intellectual history and recent debates on European identity. It is a valuable resource for students and researchers in European History, European Studies, Political History, and related fields.

Format: Hardback
Length: 364 pages
Publication date: 14 October 2022
Publisher: Berghahn Books

This title delves into a fresh historical perspective on European integration and identity, exploring the intricate interplay between demands for unity and arguments for borders and division. Through an in-depth intellectual exploration of the concept of Europe, Mats Andren examines the evolution of integration and the recent debates surrounding European identity across the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, as well as the post-war period. Drawing upon a diverse array of original sources, this unique work serves as a vital resource for students and scholars engaged in the study of European History, European Studies, Political History, and related fields.

The concept of Europe has been a subject of continuous debate and contention throughout history. On the one hand, there have been calls for unity, emphasizing the shared values, culture, and history that unite Europe's nations. On the other hand, there have been arguments for borders and division, highlighting the distinct identities and interests of each country within the continent. This tension has played a significant role in shaping European integration and identity.

In the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the idea of Europe gained traction as a response to the challenges posed by nationalism, imperialism, and the rise of new political ideologies. The concept of Europe was seen as a way to promote unity and stability among the nations of the continent, countering the forces of division and conflict. However, the process of European integration was not without its challenges.

One of the key debates surrounding European integration was the question of borders. Some argued that borders should be maintained to protect the distinct identities and cultures of each country, while others advocated for a more open and integrated Europe, where borders would be less important. This debate was particularly intense during the two World Wars, when borders were redrawn and countries were divided into different political and territorial entities.

After the Second World War, the process of European integration gained momentum. The European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) and the European Economic Community (EEC) were established in 1951 and 1957, respectively, as the first steps towards creating a more integrated Europe. These organizations aimed to promote economic cooperation, reduce trade barriers, and promote social and cultural exchange among the member states.

However, the process of European integration faced further challenges in the post-war period. The Cold War and the emergence of new political ideologies such as communism and fascism further divided Europe and threatened the stability of the continent. The European Union (EU) was established in 1993 as a response to these challenges, with the goal of promoting economic and political cooperation among the member states.

The EU has since become one of the most successful examples of European integration. It has expanded to include 27 member states and has played a key role in promoting economic growth, social welfare, and environmental protection. The EU has also been a strong advocate for human rights, democracy, and the rule of law, and has played a significant role in shaping the global political landscape.

Despite its successes, the EU has also faced criticism and challenges. Some argue that it is too centralized, with decision-making power concentrated in the hands of a few European institutions. Others argue that the EU's policies and regulations are often imposed on member states without their consent, leading to a loss of sovereignty and democracy.

In recent years, there has been a growing debate surrounding European identity. The rise of populism, nationalism, and xenophobia has challenged the idea of a unified and inclusive Europe, and has led to a rise in the popularity of anti-European sentiment. This has been particularly evident in countries such as the United Kingdom, France, and Germany, where there has been a growing demand for more nationalistic policies and a greater emphasis on the protection of national interests.

Despite these challenges, there is still a strong commitment to European integration and identity. Many people believe that the EU is a valuable asset for Europe and that it is essential for promoting peace, stability, and economic prosperity. There are also ongoing efforts to address the criticisms and challenges facing the EU, such as promoting greater democratic accountability and transparency, and addressing the concerns of marginalized communities and regions.

In conclusion, the concept of Europe has been a subject of continuous debate and contention throughout history. The tension between calls for unity and arguments for borders and division has played a significant role in shaping European integration and identity. Through an in-depth intellectual exploration of the idea of Europe, this title examines the evolution of integration and the recent debates surrounding European identity across the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, as well as the post-war period. Drawing upon a diverse array of original sources, this unique work serves as a vital resource for students and scholars engaged in the study of European History, European Studies, Political History, and related fields.

Dimension: 229 x 152 (mm)
ISBN-13: 9781800735699