Union Divided: Black Musicians’ Fight for Labor Equality

Black musicians organized more than fifty independent locals within the American Federation of Musicians (AFM) in the 1910s and 1920s to control audition criteria, set competitive wages, and secure a voice in national decision-making. Leta Miller's account of these efforts includes the voices of musicians and interviews with former union members who took part in the difficult integration of Black and white locals. Union Divided illuminates the complex working world of unionized Black musicians and the AFMs journey to racial inclusion.

Format: Paperback / softback
Length: 232 pages
Publication date: 13 February 2024
Publisher: University of Illinois Press

In the 1910s and 1920s, a remarkable movement unfolded within the American Federation of Musicians (AFM), as Black musicians took decisive action to assert their rights and secure a place of prominence within the industry. Driven by a desire to control audition criteria, establish competitive wages, and have a voice in national decision-making, Black musicians organized over fifty independent locals within the AFM. This pioneering effort marked a significant milestone in the history of Black music and labor activism.

Leta Miller, in her comprehensive book "Union Divided," delves deep into the history of Black locals within the AFM. From their origins and successes in the 1920s to the challenges posed by the Depression era and the fraught process of dismantling segregated AFM organizations in the 1960s and 70s, Miller provides a detailed account of these organizations' struggles and achievements.

Like any union, Black AFM locals sought to ensure employment and competitive wages for their members. They developed innovative solutions to address the ever-evolving problems they faced, constantly adapting to the changing landscape of the music industry. Millers account includes the voices of the musicians themselves, as well as interviews with former union members who played pivotal roles in the integration of Black and white locals.

Through her meticulous research and analysis, Miller sheds light on the complex working world of unionized Black musicians and the AFMs journey toward racial inclusion. She explores the benefits that musicians derived from their membership in a labor organization, examining how it impacted their careers, working conditions, and overall sense of empowerment.

"Union Divided" is a broad and rich tapestry of history, offering a comprehensive perspective on the experiences of Black musicians within the AFM. It is a testament to the resilience and determination of these musicians, who, despite facing numerous obstacles, fought tirelessly for their rights and the recognition they deserved. The book serves as a valuable resource for scholars, musicians, and anyone interested in understanding the history and impact of labor activism in the music industry.

In conclusion, the story of Black locals within the AFM is a testament to the power of collective action and the pursuit of equality. Through their organizing efforts and unwavering determination, Black musicians not only secured better working conditions and fair wages but also played a crucial role in breaking down barriers and promoting racial inclusion in the music industry. Leta Miller's "Union Divided" is a valuable contribution to our understanding of this important chapter in American history, and it serves as a reminder of the ongoing struggle for justice and equality in all walks of life.

Weight: 362g
Dimension: 151 x 228 x 21 (mm)
ISBN-13: 9780252087677