Values and Revaluations: The Transformation and Genesis of 'Values in Things' from Archaeological and Anthropological Perspectives

The value of things is determined by cultural processes,and it is rarely the value of the material itself that matters for high valuation. Case studies from anthropology and archaeology provide innovative and differentiated answers to these questions,with common basic assumptions such as the understanding that it is rarely the value of the material itself that matters for high valuation,but rather the appreciation of the (assumed or constructed) origin of certain objects or their connection with certain social structures. Value arises through social action,whereby it is always necessary to ask anew which actors are interested in the value of certain objects (or in their appreciation).

Format: Paperback / softback
Length: 256 pages
Publication date: 15 March 2022
Publisher: Oxbow Books

Why are some things valuable while others are not? How much effort does it take to produce valuable objects? How can one explain the different appraisal of certain things in different temporal horizons and in different cultures?

Cultural processes on how value is attached to things, and how value is re-established, are still little understood. The case studies in this volume, originating from anthropology and archaeology, provide innovative and differentiated answers to these questions. However, for all contributions, there are some common basic assumptions. One of these concerns the understanding that it is rarely the value of the material itself that matters for high valuation, but rather the appreciation of the (assumed or constructed) origin of certain objects or their connection with certain social structures. A second of these shared insights addresses the ubiquity of phenomena of value in things. There is no society without valued objects. As a rule, valuation is something negotiated or even disputed. Value arises through social action, whereby it is always necessary to ask anew which actors are interested in the value of certain objects (or in their appreciation). This also works the other way round: Who are those actors who question corresponding objective values and why?

The concept of value is complex and multifaceted, encompassing various dimensions such as materiality, aesthetics, cultural significance, and social context. While some objects may possess inherent value due to their rarity, beauty, or historical importance, others may be valued based on their practical utility, cultural relevance, or symbolic meaning. The appraisal of value can vary significantly across different temporal horizons and cultures, influenced by factors such as historical events, religious beliefs, economic systems, and social norms.

One of the key insights from the case studies presented in this volume is that the value of an object is often intertwined with its perceived origin. Objects that are believed to have been created by renowned artists, artisans, or historical figures are often valued higher than those that are mass-produced or commonplace. This is because the perceived value of an object can be enhanced by its association with a prestigious or influential creator or historical context. For example, a rare painting by a famous artist may fetch a high price at auction, while a similar painting created by an unknown artist may be valued much lower.

Similarly, objects that are associated with certain social structures or groups are often valued higher than those that are not. For example, a traditional tribal artifact may hold significant cultural value for a particular community, while a modern consumer product may be valued more by individuals in a developed society. This is because the value of an object is not only determined by its material properties but also by its social and cultural significance.

Another important aspect of the appraisal of value is the role of social action in determining value. Valuation is not a static process but rather a dynamic one that is shaped by the interactions between individuals, groups, and institutions. Actors such as collectors, dealers, museums, and governments play a crucial role in shaping the value of objects by acquiring, preserving, exhibiting, and regulating them. For example, the value of a work of art can be influenced by its exhibition in a prestigious museum, its inclusion in a prestigious collection, or its sale at a high auction.

In conclusion, the case studies presented in this volume provide valuable insights into the complex processes of value attachment and appraisal. They highlight the importance of understanding the perceived origin, social significance, and cultural context of objects in determining their value. The role of social action in shaping the value of objects is also emphasized, as is the need to consider the diverse perspectives and values held by different actors and communities. By exploring these issues, this volume contributes to our understanding of the complex and multifaceted nature of value and its role in shaping our world.

Weight: 616g
Dimension: 169 x 239 x 18 (mm)
ISBN-13: 9781789258134