Victorian Visions of Suburban Utopia: Abandoning Babylon

The growth of suburbs and the decline of cities have been defining features of life in many countries over the twentieth century. This has led to the enormous consumption of natural lands and the constant use of mechanized transportation. Victorian utopian literature offers some insight into this trend, with visionaries such as Robert Owen, Edward Bulwer-Lytton, Edward Bellamy, William Morris, Ebenezer Howard, and H.G. Wells imagining and describing a future built of synthetic gemstones, lace metal colonnades, and unbreakable glass. These visionaries were unified by a single plea for humanity to have a future worth living, abandoning their smoky, poor, chaotic Babylonian cities for a life in shimmering gardens.

Format: Paperback / softback
Length: 576 pages
Publication date: 28 February 2024
Publisher: Oxford University Press

The growth of suburbs and the withdrawal from cities have been defining characteristics of life in many countries throughout the twentieth century, particularly English-speaking nations. The division of various aspects of life, such as living and working, and the dispersion of the population in far-flung garden homes have necessitated the enormous consumption of natural lands and the constant use of mechanized transportation. Why did we abandon our dense, complex urban places and seek to find the best of the city and the country in the flowery suburbs? Looking back at the architecture and urban design of the 1800s offers some answers, but a missing piece in the story is found in Victorian utopian literature. The replacement of cities with high-tech suburbs was repeatedly imagined and breathlessly described in the socialist dreams and science-fiction fantasies of dozens of British and American authors. Some of these visionaries -- such as Robert Owen, Edward Bulwer-Lytton, Edward Bellamy, William Morris, Ebenezer Howard, and H.G. Wells -- are enduringly famous, while others were street vendors or amateur chemists who have been all but forgotten. Together, they fashioned strange and beautiful imaginary worlds built of synthetic gemstones, lacey metal colonnades, and unbreakable glass, staffed by robotic servants and teeming with flying carriages. As different as their futuristic visions could be, however, most of them were unified by a single, desperate plea: for humanity to have a future worth living, we must abandon our smoky, poor, chaotic Babylonian cities for a life in shimmering gardens.

Weight: 944g
Dimension: 234 x 158 x 36 (mm)
ISBN-13: 9780198907756