Vigilantes beyond Borders: NGOs as Enforcers of International Law

NGOs are increasingly taking independent and direct action in global law enforcement, from human rights to the environment, due to demand, supply, and competition. This trend is explored in Vigilantes beyond Borders, which considers why some transnational groups have opted to become enforcers of international law, while others have not.

Format: Paperback / softback
Length: 248 pages
Publication date: 05 April 2022
Publisher: Princeton University Press

Nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) have traditionally played a role as advocates and service providers, delegating enforcement responsibilities to states. However, a notable trend has emerged where NGOs are increasingly assuming the role of private police, prosecutors, and intelligence agencies in enforcing international law. These organizations are actively engaged in investigating and gathering evidence, suing and prosecuting governments, companies, and individuals, and even apprehending lawbreakers in the act.

In examining this evolving trend, the book "Vigilantes beyond Borders" delves into the reasons why certain transnational groups have chosen to take on the role of enforcers of international law, particularly in areas such as human rights, the environment, and corruption. Three primary factors contribute to the rise of vigilante enforcement: demand, supply, and competition. Governments often fail to effectively enforce international laws, creating a gap that prompts individuals and organizations to seek alternative means of enforcement. Legal and technological advancements have made it easier for nonstate actors, such as NGOs, to provide enforcement services. Withstanding the challenges of limited funding and media attention, smaller, more marginal groups may resort to radical strategies, including enforcement, to gain attention and secure resources.

The book explores the workings of major international organizations like Amnesty International, Greenpeace, and Transparency International, as well as smaller players such as Global Witness, the Sea Shepherd Conservation Society, and Bellingcat. By examining their approaches, strategies, and successes, "Vigilantes beyond Borders" sheds light on the causes and consequences of this novel and provocative approach to global governance. This exploration provides valuable insights into the evolving dynamics between states, nonstate actors, and the enforcement of international law, challenging traditional notions of state sovereignty and the role of international organizations.

Weight: 408g
Dimension: 154 x 235 x 19 (mm)
ISBN-13: 9780691232232