Wardian Case: How a simple box moved plants and changed the world

Surgeon and amateur naturalist Nathaniel Bagshaw Ward accidentally discovered that plants enclosed in glass containers could survive for long periods without watering, leading to the creation of the Wardian case. This revolutionized the movement of plants, fueled the commercial nursery trade, and late nineteenth-century imperialism, and forever altered the global environment.

Format: Hardback
Length: 288 pages
Publication date: 01 October 2020
Publisher: Royal Botanic Gardens

Roses, jasmine, fuchsia, chrysanthemums, and rhododendrons bloom in gardens across the world, and yet many of the most common varieties have their roots in Asia. How is this global flowering possible? In 1829, surgeon and amateur naturalist Nathaniel Bagshaw Ward placed soil, dried leaves, and the pupa of a sphinx moth into a sealed glass bottle, intending to observe the moth hatch. But when a fern and meadow grass sprouted from the soil, he accidentally discovered that plants enclosed in glass containers could survive for long periods without watering. After four years of experimentation in his London home, Ward created traveling glazed cases that would be able to transport plants around the world. Following a test run from London to Sydney, Ward was proven correct: the Wardian case was born, and the botanical makeup of the world's flora was forever changed. In our technologically advanced and globalized contemporary world, it is easy to forget that not long ago, it was extremely difficult to transfer plants from place to place, as they often died from mishandling, cold weather, and ocean salt spray. In this first book on the Wardian case, Luke Keogh leads us across centuries and seas to show that Ward's invention spurred a revolution in the movement of plants—and that many of the repercussions of that revolution are still with us, from new industries to invasive plant species. From the early days of rubber, banana, tea, and cinchona cultivation—the last used in the production of the malaria drug quinine—to the collecting of beautiful and exotic flora like orchids in the first great greenhouses at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, and the United States Botanical Garden in Washington, DC, the Wardian case transformed the world's plant communities, fueled the commercial nursery trade, and laid the foundation for the late nineteenth-century botanical exploration of the world.

Weight: 614g
Dimension: 162 x 240 x 29 (mm)
ISBN-13: 9781842467190