Affirmative Action in Malaysia and South Africa: Preference for Parity

Malaysia and South Africa have the most extensive affirmative action programs in the world. This book evaluates the objectives, attainments, and limitations of ethnic preferential treatment in reducing disparity, developing capability, and reducing dependency, and the scope for policy reforms.

Format: Hardback
Length: 278 pages
Publication date: 23 October 2020
Publisher: Taylor & Francis Ltd

Malaysia and South Africa stand as global pioneers in implementing the most comprehensive affirmative action programs. This insightful volume delves into the compelling reasons behind and practical strategies for implementing preferential treatment, with a specific focus on achieving inter-ethnic parity, particularly in higher education, high-level professions, enterprise development, and wealth ownership. By meticulously analyzing extensive data on education, workforce, and population, the book evaluates the primary goals of boosting majority representation in these critical domains. Furthermore, it critically examines the achievements and limitations of ethnic preferential treatment in reducing disparities, the complexities of fostering capability and reducing dependency, and the potential for policy reforms.

Malaysia and South Africa have taken significant steps towards promoting diversity and equity in their societies through the implementation of comprehensive affirmative action programs. These programs aim to address historical imbalances and promote equal opportunities for marginalized groups, such as women, ethnic minorities, and individuals from low-income backgrounds.

One of the key objectives of affirmative action programs in Malaysia and South Africa is to increase the representation of majority groups in education, employment, enterprise, and ownership. This is done by implementing policies and initiatives that provide targeted support and resources to these groups, such as scholarships, training programs, and mentorship opportunities.

The impact of affirmative action programs on reducing disparities and promoting equality has been mixed. While some studies have shown positive results, such as increased access to education and employment for marginalized groups, others have raised concerns about the effectiveness and fairness of these policies. Critics argue that affirmative action programs may create a sense of resentment and division among different groups and may not address the root causes of inequality.

One of the challenges of affirmative action programs is the need to develop policies that are both effective and fair. This requires a careful balance between providing targeted support and addressing systemic barriers to equality. Affirmative action programs must also be flexible and adaptable to changing social and economic conditions, as well as the evolving needs of marginalized groups.

Another challenge is the need to address the issue of dependency and capability development. Affirmative action programs may inadvertently create a culture of dependency among marginalized groups, as they may rely on government support and resources rather than developing their own skills and capabilities. This can lead to a lack of self-sufficiency and perpetuate inequality.

To address these challenges, policymakers and advocates for affirmative action programs must work towards developing policies that are more inclusive and equitable. This may involve promoting diversity and inclusion in the workplace, providing training and development opportunities for marginalized groups, and addressing systemic barriers to equality, such as discrimination and prejudice.

In conclusion, affirmative action programs have played a significant role in promoting diversity and equity in Malaysia and South Africa. While these programs have achieved some positive results, there is still room for improvement and refinement. By working towards more inclusive and equitable policies, policymakers and advocates can help to create a more just and equitable society for all.

Weight: 594g
Dimension: 162 x 240 x 24 (mm)
ISBN-13: 9781138080072