Campi Flegrei: A Restless Caldera in a Densely Populated Area

One of the world's most dangerous and extensively studied volcanoes, the Campi Flegrei resurgent caldera, is covered in this book. It provides a comprehensive and up-to-date reference for earth-science scholars, land planners, and civil defense officers by combining volcanological, geological, geochemical, and geophysical perspectives.

Format: Hardback
Length: 410 pages
Publication date: 09 February 2022
Publisher: Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & Co. KG

The Campi Flegrei resurgent caldera, a densely populated and perilous volcano, stands as one of the world's most extensively researched and perilous volcanic phenomena. This comprehensive monograph brings together the latest knowledge on this volcano through a series of review chapters, each authored by renowned experts in the field. Spanning various volcanological, geological, geochemical, and geophysical perspectives, this volume aims to bridge the gaps between these disciplines and provide a comprehensive and timely reference for earth science scholars, land planners, and civil defense officials alike.

The Campi Flegrei caldera, situated in the southern part of the Bay of Naples, Italy, is a vast volcanic complex that encompasses several active volcanoes, including Mount Vesuvius, Mount Somma-Vesuvius, and Mount Stromboli. The caldera, which formed approximately 30 million years ago as a result of the eruption of a supervolcano, is characterized by its rugged terrain and explosive volcanic activity.

Mount Vesuvius, the most well-known of the Campi Flegrei volcanoes, is a stratovolcano that stands 1,281 meters (4,202 feet) tall and is located on the western side of the caldera. It is famous for its eruption in 79 AD, which destroyed the cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum and resulted in the deaths of approximately 1.5 million people. Vesuvius is still active and is monitored closely by scientists and authorities to ensure that another catastrophic eruption does not occur.

Mount Somma-Vesuvius, located to the east of Mount Vesuvius, is a stratovolcano that stands 1,015 meters (3,330 feet) tall. It is less well-known than its sibling but is also active and has erupted several times in the past. Mount Somma-Vesuvius is known for its frequent seismic activity and the potential for lava flows and pyroclastic flows to reach populated areas.

Mount Stromboli, located to the north of the caldera, is a stratovolcano that stands 924 meters (3,030 feet) tall. It is one of the most active volcanoes in Europe and is known for its frequent eruptions, which produce spectacular lava fountains and ash clouds. Stromboli is also a popular tourist destination, attracting visitors who come to witness its unique and awe-inspiring natural phenomena.

The Campi Flegrei caldera is not only a source of natural beauty and scientific interest but also a significant economic and cultural asset for the region. The area is home to several ancient cities, including Pompeii and Herculaneum, which were buried under ash and debris during the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD. These cities have been extensively excavated and are now UNESCO World Heritage Sites, attracting millions of visitors each year.

In addition to its historical and cultural significance, the Campi Flegrei caldera is also a valuable natural resource. The region is rich in minerals, including volcanic ash, which is used in various industries, such as construction and agriculture. The caldera also contains hot springs and geothermal energy, which are used for heating and electricity generation.

Despite its many benefits, the Campi Flegrei caldera also poses significant risks to the surrounding communities. The region is prone to earthquakes and volcanic eruptions, which can cause widespread destruction and loss of life. In addition, the caldera's proximity to the city of Naples and its population centers makes it vulnerable to the effects of volcanic gases and ash, which can cause respiratory problems and other health issues.

To mitigate these risks, scientists and authorities have implemented various measures to monitor and manage the volcano. These measures include regular seismic monitoring, evacuation plans, and the construction of protective structures, such as the Vesuvius Observatory and the Stromboli Volcano Observatory. The Italian government has also established a special agency, the National Institute for Geophysics and Volcanology (INGV), to coordinate research and monitoring efforts and to provide information to the public about volcanic hazards.

In conclusion, the Campi Flegrei resurgent caldera is a fascinating and perilous volcanic phenomenon that has captivated the world for centuries. Its diverse geology, rich history, and potential for natural disasters make it a valuable resource and a significant concern for scientists, authorities, and the surrounding communities. Through ongoing research and monitoring efforts, it is possible to mitigate the risks associated with this volcano and ensure that it remains a source of wonder and awe for future generations.

Weight: 990g
Dimension: 254 x 178 (mm)
ISBN-13: 9783642370595
Edition number: 1st ed. 2022