Life by Algorithms: How Roboprocesses Are Remaking Our World

Computerized processes are used to automate decision-making, but they can produce absurd, inflexible, or dangerous outcomes. This book calls for algorithmic transparency to better understand how the perils of modern technology affect finance, medicine, education, housing, the workplace, food production, public space, and emotions.

Format: Paperback / softback
Length: 224 pages
Publication date: 05 June 2019
Publisher: The University of Chicago Press

Computers have permeated every aspect of our society, from automated phone messaging systems used by businesses to screen calls, to the connection between student standardized test scores and public school resources, to the algorithms that govern patient diagnoses and doctor reimbursements. The ability to store, sort, and analyze vast amounts of information has enabled unprecedented levels of decision-making automation. At the same time, computers have provided a model of cognition that shapes our understanding of the world. The rise of roboprocesses is a testament to this, as noted by editors Catherine Besteman and Hugh Gusterson in their comprehensive volume, "Life by Algorithms," which features contributions from a distinguished cast of scholars in anthropology, communications, international studies, and political science.

While automatic processes are intended to be the driving force behind rational systems, the stories in "Life by Algorithms" illustrate how they can lead to absurd, inflexible, or even dangerous outcomes. In response to the call for algorithmic transparency, the contributors bring a keen sensitivity to everyday sociality to their critique, aiming to better understand how the perils of modern technology impact various aspects of our lives, including finance, medicine, education, housing, the workplace, food production, public space, and emotions. Rather than treating these issues as separate problems, the contributors view them as interconnected manifestations of a deeper defect in the fundamental ordering of our society.

One of the key themes explored in the volume is the impact of algorithms on social inequality. The contributors argue that algorithms can perpetuate and even amplify existing biases, leading to unfair outcomes for marginalized communities. For example, in the realm of finance, algorithms can be used to approve or deny loans based on factors such as credit history and income, which can result in discriminatory lending practices that exclude certain groups of people. In medicine, algorithms can be trained on skewed datasets that reflect the demographics of privileged populations, leading to biased diagnoses and treatment recommendations for marginalized patients.

Another important aspect of the volume is the role of algorithmic decision-making in shaping public policy. The contributors argue that algorithms can be used to automate processes that are traditionally subject to human judgment, such as sentencing decisions or the allocation of resources. However, this can lead to the erosion of democratic oversight and the concentration of power in the hands of a few. For example, in the realm of housing, algorithms can be used to determine who qualifies for affordable housing or eviction, which can result in discriminatory practices that exclude certain groups of people.

The contributors also raise concerns about the impact of algorithms on privacy and individual autonomy. As algorithms collect and analyze vast amounts of personal data, they can be used to track and monitor individuals, raising questions about their right to privacy and the extent to which they can control their own data. Moreover, the use of algorithms in decision-making can lead to the automation of certain human rights, such as the right to a fair trial or the right to free speech.

In conclusion, "Life by Algorithms" is a thought-provoking and important volume that sheds light on the pervasive impact of algorithms on our society. The contributors offer a critical analysis of the perils and potential benefits of algorithmic decision-making, and their insights are valuable for policymakers, industry leaders, and individuals alike. As we continue to navigate the rapidly evolving world of technology, it is essential to be aware of the ethical and social implications of our choices and to work towards creating a more equitable and democratic society.

Weight: 344g
Dimension: 155 x 229 x 13 (mm)
ISBN-13: 9780226627564