Phylogenetic Comparative Methods: A User's Guide for Paleontologists

Phylogenetic comparative methods (PCMs) are a powerful set of analytical tools for investigating evolutionary tempo and mode in fossil lineages, but integrating them with fossil data can be challenging. This Element provides guides to the theory behind and the application of PCMs with fossil taxa, with example analyses of Paleozoic crinoids to illustrate common applications. It emphasizes the importance of accounting for sources of uncertainty and discussing how to evaluate model fit and adequacy.

Format: Paperback / softback
Length: 75 pages
Publication date: 27 May 2021
Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Recent developments in statistical methodologies known as phylogenetic comparative methods (PCMs) have emerged as a powerful toolkit for paleontologists to investigate evolutionary tempo and mode in fossil lineages. These methods employ phylogenetic trees to compare traits and estimate ancestral states, providing insights into the processes that shape the diversity of life. While the integration of PCMs with fossil data presents numerous opportunities, researchers often face practical challenges and encounter unfamiliar literature. This Element aims to provide comprehensive guides to the theory and application of PCMs with fossil taxa.

To illustrate the practical aspects of PCMs, example analyses are presented based on an empirical dataset of Paleozoic crinoids. These analyses showcase common applications of PCMs, such as investigating patterns of correlated trait evolution and developing macroevolutionary models of morphological change. The authors emphasize the importance of accounting for sources of uncertainty and discussing methods to evaluate model fit and adequacy. Furthermore, the authors explore several promising approaches for modeling heterogeneous evolutionary dynamics with fossil phylogenies, which have the potential to shed light on complex processes such as speciation and extinction.

By integrating phylogeny-based approaches with the fossil record, researchers can obtain a rigorous and quantitative perspective on understanding key patterns in the history of life. PCMs offer a powerful tool for analyzing trait evolution, reconstructing ancestral states, and testing hypotheses about the processes that drive biodiversity. As the field continues to evolve, researchers will undoubtedly develop new methods and applications that further enhance our understanding of the evolution of life on Earth.

Weight: 110g
Dimension: 152 x 227 x 10 (mm)
ISBN-13: 9781108794688